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^clear contradictions in the Bible ^ Any kafir interested ?

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Postby Steeler [Crawler2] » Tue Aug 23, 2005 5:55 am

Proud
I moved this back down as so you wouldn't miss it.

If God is Just, how can God be merciful? To apply mercy means to abbrogate justice.

If God created everything, If God knew everything in advance, if he controls all and knows all - why did God create beings he knew in advance would defy him? Why did he create beings he knew in advance, prior to their creation, that he would caste into eternal damnation? If God is just, how can a pre-ordained outcome of eternal damnation be reconciled with a just and merciful God?

Again, the position that it is all a test is illegitmate. Let me explain why. First of all, the results are pre-ordained. As I mentioned above, God is creating beings he knows in advance will fail the test. Rather pointless wouldn't you say - not to mention vicious and cruel.

Secondly, the test standards aren't universal. If the test is so important, if it is so important that man adhere to God's will, then why did he not distribute AND PROTECT his message evenly?

Thirdly, if it is a question of obedience in order to pass the test, why does he not insure there is no doubt to his very existence, let alone the discussion of which path is the legitimate one? Why create a situation of doubt and conflict (which obviously exists when you see how many different religions, philosophies and points of view there are) as a foundation for the test?

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Postby *Proud_Muslimah* » Tue Aug 23, 2005 7:15 pm

Peace Mad Mac,

"If God is Just, how can God be merciful? To apply mercy means to abbrogate justice"

Mad Mac, lets say a mother has about 10 kids right. Can she be just (i.e. treat them equally, give them the same punishments when they do something wrong....etc) and at the same time be merciful towards her kids?

Allah (SWT) is JUST towards His believers (as well as the disbelievers). He (SWT) will give His creation (human beings) the punishment or reward they DESERVE according to how they used to lead they life in this world and there will be no injustice done to them! There are soo many verses in the Qur'an where Allah (SWT) is commanding the believers to treat their fellow brothers/sisters in faith as well as the disbelievers JUSTLY (hence, abbrogating JUSTICE!)

According to the Qur'an, some of the signs of God's Mercy are that:

* His Providence and His blessings in the life of this world, are not limited to those who submit to His commands. He is the Provider for everyone, whether a person is faithful to Him or whether he rejects His call;
* He does not punish the sinners for their sins immediately He gives them respite and time to correct their behavior;
* When a sinner turns to Him and asks His forgiveness with an honest heart and a sincere resolve to correction, He not only forgives his sins but also converts his bad deeds into good ones;
* When a person calls Him with a sincere and an honest heart and asks for His guidance, He opens the doors of His guidance for such a person;
* He does not put a man in such a situation where he is forced to lose his faith in Him;
* He does not hold man responsible for something that is against the commands of Allah, if man is forced to do such evil by external conditions;
* He does not hold man responsible for something that is against the commands of Allah, if such evil is done in ignorance;
* He sent His prophets and messengers for man's guidance to the path of His liking;
* He rewards man for his intention of doing good, even though man is not able to carry out his intention;

I am sure if a person looks at and around himself, he shall find innumerable items that are a sign of God's infinite Mercy. If our eyes see and our ears hear and our touch feels, and our tongue tastes and our hearts beat, it is only because of His infinite Mercy. He has provided everything that was not only essential for our subsistence on this earth but also that which makes our stay on the earth comfortable and enjoyable. He has filled the heart of parents with the love that a child needs. He has provided water with the quality to quench the thirst of a dry mouth. And He has bestowed trees with the cool shadow to provide the wayfarer a respite from the burning sun. He has given us our senses, He has bestowed on us the faculty of reason and, most of all, He has given us this life -- A life which we never want to let go.

The Qur'an also tells us that one of the obvious corollaries of God's Mercy is justice. Thus, the Day of Judgment -- the day on which good and evil shall be separated and shall be given their respective rewards -- according to the Qur'an is an essential requirement of God's infinite Mercy.

"If God created everything, If God knew everything in advance, if he controls all and knows all - why did God create beings he knew in advance would defy him? Why did he create beings he knew in advance, prior to their creation, that he would caste into eternal damnation? If God is just, how can a pre-ordained outcome of eternal damnation be reconciled with a just and merciful God?"

The first part of the law of guidance of the human soul pertains to the freedom of choice that God has given man in a particular sphere. The Qur'an tells us that the life of this world is a test. Man is given this life and is bestowed with all the good things in life not because he earned these good things, but to be tested as to how he uses these things. The good times and the bad times in this life are generally distributed among individuals not as a reward or a punishment for their deeds, but to test them regarding whether they are thankful when given good times and whether they remain steadfast in the way of their Lord, when given bad times. The Qur'an tells us that for the purpose of this test man was given freedom to choose in a particular sphere -- especially the sphere in which he was being tested. Thus, man may, if he chooses, turn away from the right path or he may submit to its demands. God Himself gave man this freedom.

If God had so wanted, He could have made all men follow the right path. But that would effectively have meant that man was not given any freedom to choose. And without this freedom the human soul could not have been tested. In such a case, all men would have been good, not by choice but by default. Reward or punishment would then have become meaningless. Thus, even though God could have guided all men to the right path, He did it not, so that man could be tested effectively and so that his good and bad deeds be truly called his own and so that he be rewarded for opting for the good and punished for opting for the evil. This is exactly what the following verse means:

Had God pleased, He would have guided them all [to the right path].... (Al-An`aam 6: 35)

This law of guidance of the human soul has been explained by Dr. Khalid Zaheer, in one of his articles titled "The Qur'anic Law of Guidance"[2], in the following words:

According to the details available in the Qur'an on the nature of the law, each individual who has been put through the test of this worldly life has been provided with adequate abilities to distinguish right from wrong, truth from untruth. However, since the this-worldly part of man's life was meant to be only a trial in God Almighty's plan to decide as to who from amongst the human beings are going to be found deserving the privilege of entry into al-Jannah and who are not, wrong and untruth were allowed to be shrouded under tempting, attractive appearances. Thus, to tell a lie in many worldly situations accompanies some immediate material gains, while to tell a truth, it requires the truthful to make sacrifices in doing so. However, those who are declining to follow the right behaviour for worldly gains have been provided with enough abilities to know from within their souls that what they are doing is in fact hideous. Therefore, an individual's act of lying, for example, may bring some immediate worldly benefits for him on the one hand, but would also be accompanied by a feeling of guilt in his conscience on the other. This voice of the conscience continues to condemn if the individual continues to defy its verdicts, although each subsequent stroke of conscience-pricking if ignored is likely to be less pronounced than the earlier ones. In other words, the facility of self-correction from within is not available to individuals unconditionally and endlessly. If the voice of the conscience is valued by the individual through his positive responses to its calls, it grows in strength. If it is ignored, it gets weaker until such time that it finally disappears into extinction.

Likewise, if an individual demonstrates his willingness to respond to the calls of his conscience, no matter what the consequences, and as a result even when he commits a crime against its verdict, he earnestly regrets and corrects himself, this inner facility not only survives but grows from strength to strength. For such people the path of truth and righteousness is not only familiar but extremely pleasing. Thus, whenever the ultimate truth in the form of the message of a prophet of Allah approaches them, they find no hesitation in recognizing and acknowedging it. They, in fact, find it so familiar that they do not notice any variance between their inner conscience and the contents of the message. Accordingly, the message appears to them most convincing and appealing.

Thus when Allah's message is presented before individuals, their responses are in direct correlation with the state of their conscience. There are some who give an immediately positive response. Such are the people who had preserved the sanctity of their conscience by always respecting the truth and nobility. Since they were always accustomed to acknowledging and respecting the truth, when the clearest manifestation of truth is presented to them, it is no wonder that they unhesitatingly incline towards it. It is an inviolable law which is enforced through subtle manipulations in the human feelings ultimately affecting the behavioural pattern of individuals. The application of the positive aspect of the law in an individual not only helps him in realising the veracity of the truth, it furthermore leads him to the higher levels of achievement of it. Thus their life in this world is a spiritual journey made easier (tayseer) enabling them to be taken from the darkness of relative untruth towards the ever-brightening light of truth.

But for those who have been consistently ignoring the truth in its different manifestations, they do not get the privilege of welcoming the message of Allah, the highest level of truth. It is as if when a student fails at a lower grade examination, he cannot be expected to make it to success at a higher one. They are not only deprived of acknowledging the truth, but are furthermore allowed to plunge into the ever-deepening darkness of ignorance (imhaal).

However, it seems that not every one belongs to the category of people who possess the highest level of nobility of heart. There are many others who despite having duly respected verdicts of their conscience on many occasions, did show a tendency of going on the wrong side as well to fall into the trap of doing acts that were not acceptable to the conscience. Thus their inner souls are not as unmistakably clean as of those belonging to the first category. At the time when they are confronted with the message of truth, they are not as immediately clear about its veracity as is the case of those belonging to the first category. They might, therefore, hesitate, to begin with, in accepting it, even to the extent of apparently denying it. However, on later reconsideration, they realise that their earlier decision was incorrect. Thus they too ultimately get the privilege of ackowledging and valuing the truth. The Qur'an says, " And there are others who have confessed their faults. They mixed good works with others that are evil. It may be that Allah will turn to them with compassion. Surely Allah is Most Forgiving, Merciful.(9:102)

Allah (SWT) has given human beings the freedom to choose which path they want to follow. Therefore, any bad sins they commit is from their own doing and NOT from Allah (SWT)!

See the thing is, neither of us know whether we will go to Hell or Paradise. I don't know whether I will go to Hell or Paradise but there is one thing I'm certain of and STRONGLY believe in and that is if I follow the Book of Allah (SWT) and His Messenger the way it should be followed, Allah (SWT) will give me the reward I deserve according to the way I lived my life in this world and no injustice will be done to me!

If everyone knew whether they will be going to hell or paradise, then there would be no purpose to creation! For example, If I knew that I will be going to hell and not paradise I would not bother myself in worship and think there is no point to it but the fact that I don't where I will end up gives me the motives to strive hard and live my life worshipping Allah (SWT) with the hope that I will go to Paradise.

"Secondly, the test standards aren't universal. If the test is so important, if it is so important that man adhere to God's will, then why did he not distribute AND PROTECT his message evenly?"

God (Allah SWT) did distribute and PROTECT His message evenly Mad Mac! Allah of the Books of Allah, including the Torah and the Bible in their ORIGINAL and unaltered texts, called the former nations to submit to Allah and to worship Him ALONE but they choose to disobey and changed things. The unaltered and Final Message to mankind is the Qur'an. It supersedes all the previous Books, correcting all the alterations to the Words of Allah (SWT) in which Divinity was attributed to Jesus (pbuh) and to other humans as well!

Allah (SWT) sent the Qur'an as a guidance for mankind but most do not even realise this...not to mention the signs Allah (SWT) has given us in order to reflect upon them!

"Thirdly, if it is a question of obedience in order to pass the test, why does he not insure there is no doubt to his very existence, let alone the discussion of which path is the legitimate one? Why create a situation of doubt and conflict (which obviously exists when you see how many different religions, philosophies and points of view there are) as a foundation for the test?"

Again, Allah (SWT) has sent the Qur'an for us a guidance and as mentioned before Allah (SWT) gave humans the freedom to choose which path to follow and WITHOUT this freedom the human soul could not have been tested! Therefore, there would be no purpose to creation!

I'm off to get ready for school, peace.

PS: Will post answers to the other contradicitions this afternoon Insh'Allah (God Willing) Smile

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Postby *Proud_Muslimah* » Wed Aug 24, 2005 2:54 am

The thirty-first allegation:
Quote:
Can angels disobey? No angel is arrogant, they all obey Allah [16:49-50], but verse [2:102] relates the story of two angels who sinned.
Verses in question:

16:49-50 And to Allâh prostate all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth, of the live moving creatures and the angels, and they are not proud [i.e. they worship their Lord (Allâh) with humility]. They fear their Lord above them, and they do what they are commanded.

2:102 They followed what the devils gave out (falsely) against the power of Solomon: the blasphemers Were, not Solomon, but the devils, teaching men Magic, and such things as came down at babylon to the angels Harut and Marut. But neither of these taught anyone (Such things) without saying: "We are only for trial; so do not blaspheme." They learned from them the means to sow discord between man and wife. But they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah's permission. And they learned what harmed them, not what profited them. And they knew that the buyers of (magic) would have no share in the happiness of the Hereafter. And vile was the price for which they did sell their souls, if they but knew!

1. The allegation is based on a misunderstanding of verse 2:102 and the story given of Harut and Marut. Many false interpretations of the above verse arise from Christian/Jewsish myths and legends that have been recorded in some books of Tafsir. These narrations are known called Iraeliyyat which Mufti Muhammad Shafi describes as follows:

Judaica or Isra'iliyyat are narratives which have reached us through Jews and Christians. It may be noted that the early commentators used to write down all sorts of narrations which reached them from an identified source. Many of these narrations were straight from Judaica.


The scholars who wrote these books of tafisr recorded such narrations in order to provide a comprehensive record of narrations on a certain verse, which were intended to be investigated and scrutinised later to determine their authenticity. For more information please refer to our previous response on ####. We shall proceed, God willingly, by discussing the false interpretation of the verses based on weak and fabricated reports and then we shall present the true interpretation of the verses based on authoritative sources.

2. There are numerous absurd tales that have been transmitted about these verses, yet they all center around the same basic story. To summarise the (false) story, the angels had become astonished at the acts of disobedience committed by the human beings on earth. They began to curse the humans and could not understand how they could be so sinful. According to the story, God informed the angels that they would have also sinned if they were in the position of human beings. So the angels elected Harut and Marut from amongst themselves and God gave tem human attributes and sent them to earth after commanding them to avoid wine, idolatry, fornication and murder. However, Harut and Marut eventually succumbed to their human lusts and fell into all of these sins. Consequently, God punished them for their transgressions.

Such ridiculous tales have been rejected by all knowledgable scholars of Islam as fabrications which have no place in the religion. Shaykh Abdul Hamid Kishk discusses these narrations and tales in detail in his book on Angels:

All this is part of myths and lies of the tribe of Israel and is not corroborated either by intellect or transmission or Shari'a. Some of the transmitters of this false fiction even go so far as to ascribe its transmission to some of the Companions and Followers but in doing so they enter the arena of sin and shameful crime and at the same time connect this lie to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, by taking it back to him. Glory be to You, my Lord, above and beyond this terrible lie!

Imam Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi gave a judgement about this story, and ash-Shihab al-'Iraqi writes that anyone who believes that Harut and Marut were angels who are being punished for their sin has disbelieved in Allah Almighty.
Qadi 'Iyad said in Ash-Shifa', "What is said in the reports and commentaries about the story of Harut and Marut does not relate to anything, either sound or weak, from the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) himself, and there is nothing which is taken by analogy." A similar judgement was made by Ibn Kathir in respect of tracing the material in this story back to the Prophet.
As for what does not go back to the Prophet, it is clear that it originates in the transmissions of the Judaica taken from Ka'b and others. It is the heretics of the People of the Book who connected them to Islam. Thus accurate commentators, who are skilful in recognising the sources of the deen (religion), refute them. Their intellects refuse to accept these myths, as do those of others such as Imam ar-Razi, Abu Hayyan, Abu's-Su'ud, al-Alusi, and others.
Furthermore, even from a rational point of view these transmissions are unsound. The angels are protected from all wrong action let alone these things which would not even issue from an evil human being. Allah informs us that the angels "do not disobey Allah in anything He commands them and they do everything they are commanded to," as is related in some transmissions which I indicated previously and in the words of Allah Himself.

As Shaykh Kishk has pointed out, these myths are rejected outright by the scholars of Islam and are not even entertained as a possibility. As Imaam Al-Qurtubi mentions in his tafsir:

We say [Qurtubi]: This is all very weak and far from Ibn 'Umar's words and others, none of it has been authenticated. It is a saying which contradicts the fundemental understanding of the angels who are Allah's trustworthy messengers and the ambassadors of Allah to His prophet's and Messengers, Allah says "They do not disobey Allah in what He commands them, and do as they are commanded" [Surat at-Tahrim, verse 6] Evenmore, Allah says, "Nay! they are honored servants. They speak not before He speaks, and they act (in all things) by His Command" [Surat al-Anbiyaa, verses 26-27] However, if we were to leave the Intellect to judge, it wouldn't object to the possibility of angel's being prone to disobedience and of them may be those who oppose what they have been created to do, and it can believe that the temptation is an innate characteristic in them since Allah is capable of creating what the mind cannot imagine. Similarly, we know that even Prophets, the friends of Allah [awliyaa], and the the scholar's worry of falling into temptations. Yet, for this occurence [the claim against Harut and Marut falling into sin] cannot be deemed possible unless there is sound evidence [transmission through listening or chain of narration] and there isn't anything that has been authenticated....And we have shown them to be upright [the angels] and they are indeed upright against all that has been said from the [false] Interpreters .

As Imaam Al-Qurtubi mentions, there is not a single authentic narration whic supports this story, hence it is unanimously rejected by Muslim scholars as false.

3. Critics quote narrations from At-Tabari in order to lend support to this false tale about Harut and Marut. They also project this story as the view of Imaam At-Tabari himself. Yet this is evidently false, as Ibn Kathir quotes the following on Ibn Jarir At-Tabari:

Ibn Jarir continued; "If someone asks about explaining this Ayah in this manner, we say that,
(They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely) in the lifetime of Sulayman.) means, magic. Solomon neither disbelieved nor did Allah send magic with the two angels. However, the devils disbelieved and taught magic to the people in the Babylon of Harut and Marut, meaning Gabriel and Michael, for Jewish sorcerers claimed that Allah sent magic by the words of Gabriel and Michael to Solomon, son of David. Allah denied this false claim and stated to His Prophet Muhammad that Gabriel and Michael were not sent with magic. Allah also exonerated Solomon from practicing magic, which the devils taught to the people of Babylon by the hands of two men, Harut and Marut. Hence, Harut and Marut were two ordinary men (not angels or Gabriel or Michael).''

Thus, Imaam At-Tabari did not believe that Harut and Marut were angels who sinned, but that they were ordinary humans who taught magic. This also resolves the alleged contradiction as it is known that human beings are prone to sin while angels are not. However, Ibn Kathir and other scholars have mentioned that the view of At-Tabari is weaker than the most common interpretation (explained under #4). Nevertheless, it demonstrates that Imaam At-Tabari did not support the view which critics falsely attribute to him. Therefore, we find that no scholars support this erroneous myth that two angels came down to earth and sinned. There are some other scholars who share Imaam At-Tabari's view that Harut and Marut were two ordinary humans. As Shaykh Abdul Aziz Al-Harbi, Professor at Umm Al-Qura University, explains this viewpoint:

Another saying tells that [Harut and Marut] were ordinary men who pretended to be pious in the city of Bâbil. They used to teach people sorcery. People thought they were angels descent from the Heavens because of the piousness they observed from them.

Their cunning was so clever that when they noticed what people thought about them of piety, they used to tell everyone who wants to learn from them: "Surely we are only a trial, therefore do not be a disbeliever.” [Sûrah al-Baqarah: 102]

They did that to show people that their knowledge is divinely inspired knowledge and that they only sought goodness, just as liars claim in every era.

They were called as angels because people called them that. In another reading by al-Hasan they were called kings.

Muhammad Asad also gives a similar explanation in his commentary of the Qur'an:

As regards the designation of Harut and Marut, most of the readings of the Qurlan give the spelling malakayn ("the two angels"); but it is authentically recorded (see Tabari, Zamakhshari, Baghawi, Razi, etc.) that the great Companion of the Prophet, Ibn `Abbas, as well as several learned men of the next generation - e.g., Al-Hasan al-Basri, Abu '1-Aswad and AdDahhak-read it as malikayn ("the two kings"). I myself incline to the latter reading; but since the other is more generally accepted, I have adopted it here. Some of the commentators are of the opinion that, whichever of the two readings is followed, it ought to be taken in a metaphorical sense, namely, "the two kingly persons", or "the two angelic persons": in this they rely on a saying of Ibn'Abbas to the effect that Harut and Marut were "two men who practiced sorcery in Babylon" (Baghawi; see also Manar I, 402). At any rate, it is certain that from very ancient times Babylon was reputed to be the home of magic arts, symbolized in the legendary persons - perhaps kings - Harut and Marut; and it is to this legend that the Qur'an refers with a view to condemning every attempt at magic and sorcery, as well as all preoccupation with occult sciences in general.

So even the scholars who supported this interpretation did not view them as fallen angels but ordinary people who taught magic and may have claimed to be angels.

4. As for the strongest and most widely-accepted interpretation of this verse, then scholars have agreed on some aspects yet differed on the minor details. The scholars have agreed that Harut and Marut were two angels sent by Allah to test the people of Babylon with magic, and these angels were only acting upon the order of Allah and commited no sin, nor even the slightest error. However, they differ as to the nature of the test. As Syed Qutb mentions:

[The Qur'an] further refutes the allegation that the two Babylonian angels Harut and Marut, were sorcerors or taught witchcraft. It confirms that they were testing people's faith, for a purpose that has not been identified. Again, associating sorcery, black magic and witchcraft with disbelief in God, the Qur'an exonerates the two angels, confirming that they had explained the nature of their work to the people and given them fair warning, neverhteless, some people persisted with learning and practising sorcery, thus falling to temptation and causing harm.

So when the angels began to teach magic, the devils spread the teachings to others and encouraged them to partake in this evil practice. As Shaykh Abdur-Rahman As-Sa'di comments:

[the devils disbelieved, teaching mankind magic] by their misguidance and keenness to deviate the son of adam and It was the Jews who followed/pursued this magic which Allah brought down with his two angels [Harut and Marut] in the lands of Babil in Iraq. Magic was brought down upon them as a test and a trial from Allah to his slaves.

There are some who say that the angels were sent by God as a temptation for mankind, offering them lessons in black magic after warning them of God's wrath upon those who practiced it. Nevertheless, people didn't heed the warning and succumbed to their desires to practice the magic. Other scholars say that the angels were sent, disguised as men, offering to teach magic and catching those who accepted their offer. Shaykh Abul 'Ala Maududi gives the following conclusion on this verse:

...at the time when the whole Israelite nation was chained in slavery and captivity in Babylonia, God sent two angels in human form to test the Jews...These angels at once began working their magical wonders but they warned the people that their presence among them was designed to test their faith, and that they ought not to jeopardize their After-life by the practice of magic. Despite the warning it seems that the Israelites had become so fond of their magical artifices that they continued to resort to talismans and sorcery.
...One might also wonder why angels would teach people magic, which is after all intrinsically evil. In order to understand this we must remember that the nature of their tasks was no different from that of an undercover policeman who hands over marked currency notes to a corrupt official as a bribe with the aim of ensuring that he is caught red-handed.

Other scholars feel that it is more likely that Harut and Marut were teaching magic for educational purposes, so that the people could recognize its symptoms, properties and effects and avoid it. As Shaykh Abdul Hamid Kishk explains:

By "what had been sent down" He means the science of magic, which was sent down so that they could teach it to people and warn them against it. The reason the two of them were sent down was to teach people what magic was so that they would know the difference between magic and prophethood, and therefore that Sulayman was not a magician. It was to ensure complete understanding.

They did not, in any case, teach anyone magic until they had first cautioned him saying to him, "We are merely a temptation and a trial and a test, so do not become unbelievers by teaching it and using it." Part of the point of the teacing was to warn people against it and to teach them the difference between it and and prophethood and prophetic miracles.

Similarly, Mufti Muhammad Shafi gives the following comments:

Allah sent down to Babylon two angels, Harut and Marut, for informing the people as to the true nature of magic and as to its different forms, so that they should distinguish it from the miracles of prophets, and keep away from obeying magicians and practising magic themselves.
...In short, the two angels came down to Babylon, and started the work assigned to them -- that is to say, they used to explain the basic principles of magic, its different forms and the specific formulas, and then used to dissuade the people from getting themselves involved in these activities or with the magicians. Their work was exactly like that of a scholar who, finding that illiterate people sometimes fall into uttering heretical words or phrases on account of their ignorance, should collect in his speeches or writings all such phrases that have gained currency, and inform them as to what they must carefully avoid.
Now, all sorts of people started coming to the angels for seeking information about the nature and the specific formulas of magic lest ignorance should lead them into error, in the matter of doctrines or that of deeds. In order to provide the correct teaching on this subject and to protect the people from error, the angels were scrupulous enough to make it a point to warn them of possible dangers in giving them the information. They insisted on making it quite clear that in allowing them to provide this kind of information to the people, Allah intended to put His servants through a trial, for He would see who uses this knowledge for protecting his 'iman (faith) by recognizing evil and avoiding it, and who falls into misguidance by adopting evil that he has come to recognize as evil -- a choice which can easily lead one into kufr (infidelity) in the matter of deeds or in that of doctrines. The angels repeatedly advised them to seek this dangerous information only with a good intent and to remain steadfast in this good intent, and not to misuse the knowledge so as to earn perpetual damnation.
The angels could not be more honest and forthright. So, they explained the basic principles of magic and even the subsidiary details to all those who were ready to take the pledge to remain steadfast in their faith. Of course, if anyone broke the pledge and fell into transgression or infedility, it was his on business, and the angels could not be held responsible for it. Some were true to their promise, while many did not fulfill the pledge, and made their knowledge of magic a means of doing harms to people -- this in itself is a sin and transgression, while some modes of magic actually involve infidelity (kufr). Thus, through a misuse of their knowledge of magic, some turned into sinners and others into infidels.
Let us repeat that the angels had taught magic for the purpose of reforming the people and helping them to the straight path. but those who misused this teaching did so out of their own perversity.

This lengthy quote demonstrates several points. First of all, it explains the idea of angels teaching magic for the purpose of educating the public about this evil so that they would avoid it. It also mentions that the angels were sent as a test for the people to distinguish those who would succumb to the temptation of using magic from those who restrained themselves from such evils. Therefore, it is entirely possible that the angels may have been sent for all the purposes mentioned by scholars, including as a temptation to catch those who practiced sorcery, as a test for the people, and for educational purposes to distinguish good from evil.

From the above discussion it becomes clear that the angels were acting as servants of Allah and were only carrying out their mission as commanded by Allah. The question of disobedience doesn't even arise, and consequently there is no contradiction between this verse and the verse which states that all angels are obedient.

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Postby *Proud_Muslimah* » Wed Aug 24, 2005 2:55 am

Angel Gabriel and the 'Holy Spirit'

Concerning the thirty-second alleged contradiction:
Quote:
Who brings the revelation from Allah to Muhammad? The ANGEL Gabriel [2:97], or the Holy Spirit [16:102]?


Verses in question:
2:97 Say: "Whoever is an enemy to Jibrael (Gabriel), for indeed he has brought it (this Qur'ân) down to your heart by Allâh's Permission, confirming what came before it and guidance and glad tidings for the believers.

16:102. Say, Ruh-ul-Qudus (the Holy Spirit) has brought it (the Qur'an) down from your Lord with truth, that it may make firm and strengthen (the Faith of) those who believe and as a guidance and glad tidings to those who have submitted (to Allâh as Muslims)

1. The obvious point that the critic is missing is that the 'Holy Spirit' is simply another title of Angel Jibreel (Gabriel), peace be upon him. This is unanimously agreed upon by all Muslim scholars and there is no difference of opinion on this matter due to what has been narrated. Ibn Kathir Ad-Damishqee (d. 1372CE) cites the narrations which demonstrate that this was the understanding of the earliest Muslim generation, those who learnt directly from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him):

Jibril is Ruh Al-Qudus

The proof that Jibril is the Ruh Al-Qudus is the statement of Ibn Mas`ud in explanation of this Ayah (fn. Ibn Abi Hatim 1:269). This is also the view of Ibn `Abbas, Muhammad bin Ka`b, Isma`il bin Khalid, As-Suddi, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas, `Atiyah Al-`Awfi and Qatadah (fn. Ibn Abi Hatim 1:270). Additionally, Allah said,
(Which the trustworthy Ruh (Jibril) has brought down. Upon your heart (O Muhammad ) that you may be (one) of the warners) (26:193-194).

Al-Bukhari recorded `A'ishah saying that the Messenger of Allah erected a Minbar in the Masjid on which Hassan bin Thabit (the renowned poet) used to defend the Messenger of Allah (with his poems). The Messenger of Allah said, "O Allah! Aid Hassan with Ruh Al-Qudus, for he defended Your Prophet."(fn. Fath Al-Bari 10:562).

Abu Dawud recorded this Hadith in his Sunan (fn. Abu Dawud 5:279) as did At-Tirmidhi who graded it Hasan Sahih (fn. Tuhfat Al-Ahwadhi 8:137). Further, Ibn Hibban recorded in his Sahih that Ibn Mas`ud said that the Prophet said, "Ruh Al-Qudus informed me that no soul shall die until it finishes its set provisions and term limit. Therefore, have Taqwa of Allah and seek your sustenance in the most suitable way."(fn. See As-Sunnah 14:304).(Tafsir Ibn Kathir, Abridged, Darussalam Publishers & Distributors, 2000, vol. 1, pp. 288-289)

These narrations demonstrate that the correct understanding of the title "Ruh Al-Qudus" (Holy Spirit) is that it was a title of Angel Jibreel. In another place, Allah refers to him as Ruh Al-Ameen (the Trustworthy Spirit). Concerning this, Ibn Kathir records:

(Which the trustworthy Ruh has brought down.) This refers to Jibril, peace be upon him. This was the view of more than one of the Salaf: Ibn `Abbas, Muhammad bin Ka`b, Qatadah, `Atiyyah Al-`Awfi, As-Suddi, Ad-Dahhak, Az-Zuhri and Ibn Jurayj. (fn. At-Tabari 19:396). This is an issue concerning which there is no dispute.(Tafsir Ibn Kathir, Abridged, Darussalam Publishers & Distributors, 2000, vol. 7, pp. 275-276)

Hence, it becomes clear that those who are close to Allah are honored by Him with numerous titles, and so of the titles of Angel Jibreel is Ruh Al-Qudus and Ruh Al-Ameen.

2. Critics attempt to prove that the spirit does not refer to Jibreel by quoting verses of the Qur'an that contain the word Ruh (spirit) but could not possibly be referring to Angel Jibreel because of the context. In these cases, the critics fail to realize that the word Ruh has several different usages in the Qur'an with a wide range of meanings. The word Ruh most commonly refers to the human soul in religious literature, especially the Qur'an and the Sunnah. However, it sometimes refers to other than the human soul as Shaykh Abu Bilal Mustafa Al-Kanadi explains:

Just as the term "nafs" has several different connotations, so does the term "ruh." It is never used to refer to the physical body (badan) alone or to the soul when it is inside the body. Rather, it has various other usages in the Arabic language and in religious literature. (fn. See al-Tahawiyyah, pp. 444-445 and Kitab al-Ruh, pp.295-296). In the following words of Allah to His Messenger (saws), it is used to mean revelation, specifically the Qur'an:

"And thus We revealed to you a spirit [i.e., the Qur'an] by Our command." (Surah al-Shura, 42:52)

In other places in the Qur'an the word "ruh" is used to designate the Angel Jibreel, whom Allah entrusted with the conveyance of divine revelation. For example:

"Verily, this [Qur'an] is a revelation of the Lord of the Worlds brought down by the trustworthy spirit [i.e., Jibril]." (Surah al-Shu'ara; 26:192-193)

The various forces and senses contained in the human body are also spoken of as "spirits." Thus, it is said "al-ruh al-basir" ("the seeing spirit") and "al-ruh al-sami'" ("the hearing spirit") and so on. However, these are called "spirits" only by convention. These senses are extinguished upon the death of the physical body, and they are different than the ruh, which does not die or disintegrate.

Finally, the term "ruh" is sometimes used in an extremely restricted sense - to designate the spirit of faith which results from one's knowledge of Allah, from turning to him in repentance and from seeking Him with love and aspiration. This is the spirit (i.e. consciousness of God) with which Allah strengthens His obedient, chosen servants as stated in the following Qur'anic verse:

"For those, Allah has written faith upon their hearts and strengthened them with a spirit from Him." (Surah al-Mujadilah, 58:22)

In this manner, knowledge is a "ruh" ("spiritual force"), as is sincerity, truthfulness, repentance, love of Allah and complete dependence upon Him. People differ in respect to these types of spiritual forces. Some are so overcome by them that they become "spiritual" beings. Thus it is said, "So and so has spirit." Others lose the power of such spiritual forces, or the greater portion thereof, and thus become earthly, bestial beings. (fn. For more details, see Lawami' al-Anwar, pp. 31-32; al-Tahawiyyah, p. 445 and Kitab al-Ruh, p. 297). About them it may be said, "So and so has no spirit; he's empty like a hollow reed," and so on. (Mustafa Al-Kanadi, Mysteries of the Soul Expounded, Al-Hidaayah Publishing & Distribution 2003, pp.21-23)

Thus, when the term Ruh appears in the Qur'an, it may refer to the human soul, it may refer to Angel Jibreel, it may refer to attributes of faith which God blesses someone with, or it may refer to the Qur'an. We cannot, as critics incorrectly do, conclude that since some verses of the Qur'an use ruh in one sense, therefore all verses must conform to that same meaning of the word ruh. Such a notion would be illogical as it ignores the various meanings already associated with the word, as well as the explanation found in the Ahadith and the understanding of the early Muslim scholars. The verses cited with the word Ruh include the following:
15:29 "When I have fashioned him [Adam] (in due proportion) and breathed into him a Ruh from Me, fall ye down in obediance unto him."

21:91 And (remember) her [Mary] who guarded her chastity: We breathed into her a Ruh from Us, and We made her and her son a sign for all peoples.

32:9 But He fashioned him [the human] in due proportion, and breathed into him the Ruh from Him. And He gave you (the faculties of) hearing and sight and feeling (and understanding): little thanks do ye give!

38:72 "When I have fashioned him (in due proportion) and breathed into him a Ruh from Me, fall ye down in obeisance unto him."

66:12 And Mary the daughter of 'Imran, who guarded her chastity; and We breathed into (her body) a Ruh from Us; and she testified to the truth of the words of her Lord and of His Revelations, and was one of the devout (servants).

In all the above verses, the word Ruh can easily be understood as a reference to the human soul. Allah informs us that He breathed the Ruh into Adam, and into Mary (to give life to Jesus), just as He breathes the Ruh into every human being. There is some confusion because the arabic phrase attributes the Ruh to Allah, which lead some translators to render the verses as "[God's] Spirit". However, the reason the soul is attributed to God is because it is the creation of God and belongs to Him. This is exactly the same as the Qur'anic verse that says:
91:13 But the Messenger of Allah [Prophet Saalih pbuh] said to them: "It is a She-camel of Allah [Ar. Naaqat-Allahi]. And (bar her not from) having her drink!"

Just as the miraculous camel presented to the Thamud, which was the creation of Allah and one of His special signs, is attributed to Allah, so is the Ruh which is blown into every human being. Both are attributed to Allah as a sign of their miraculous nature and the fact that they are the direct creation of Allah. It is also worthy to note the words of Muhammad Asad on verse 21:91:

AND [remember] her who guarded her chastity, whereupon We breathed into her of Our spirit [This allegorical expression, used here with reference to Mary’s conception of Jesus, has been widely - and erroneously - interpreted as relating specifically to his birth. As a matter of fact, the Quran uses the same expression in three other places with reference to the creation of man in general - namely in 15: 29 and 38:72, “when I have formed him… and breathed into him of My spirit” and in 32: 9, “and thereupon He forms [lit., “formed”] him fully and breathes [lit., “breathed’’] into him of His spirit”. In particular, the passage of which the last-quoted phrase is a part (i.e., 32: 7 - 9) makes it abundantly and explicitly clear that God “breathes of His spirit” into every human being. Commenting on the verse under consideration, Zamakhshari states that “the breathing of the spirit [of God] into a body signifies the endowing it with life’’: an explanation with, which Razi concurs. (In this connection, see also note on 4: 171.) (Asad, Message of the Qur'an, The Book Foundation 2003)

And on verse 4:171, Muhammad Asad notes:

As regards the expression, "a soul from Him" or "created by Him", it is to be noted that among the various meanings which the word ruh bears in the Qur’an (e.g., "inspiration" in 2: 87 and 253), it is also used in its primary significance of "breath of life", "soul", or "spirit": thus, for instance, in 32: 9, where the ever-recurring evolution of the human embryo is spoken of: "and then He forms him [i.e., man] and breathes into him of His spirit" - that is, endows him with a conscious soul which represents God's supreme gift to man and is, therefore, described as "a breath of His spirit". In the verse under discussion, which stresses the purely human nature of Jesus and refutes the belief in his divinity, the Qur’an points out that Jesus, like all other human beings, was "a soul created by Him".(Asad, Message of the Qur'an, The Book Foundation 2003)

Thus, there is no conflict between these verses and the verses about Angel Jibreel as these describe the Ruh as a soul being breathed into human beings. It is simply another meaning of the word Ruh.

3. Some Qur'anic commentators also mentioned about verses 21:91 and 66:12 that Angel Jibreel was sent to Mary to breathe the Ruh into her, by God's command. Some people have erroneously concluded from this interpretation that Jibreel is must be the speaker when the verse says "We breathed into her of Our Spirit" because he is the one who breathes the soul into her. This conclusion is false because the Qur'an often attributes the actions of the Angels to God Himself, as explained in previous articles, such as Who Takes the Soul at the Time of Death. The Angels act by the command of Allah and they themselves belong to Allah, hence Angel Jibreel's action of breathing the Ruh into Mary would be attributed to Allah. In fact, in all the verses which state that God breathes the Ruh into human beings, it is reasonable to assume that this occurs through the work of the Angels, the servants of Allah. This is similar to the hadith:
Abdullah ibn Masood said: “The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), who is the most truthful (of human beings) and his being truthful (is a fact) told us: ‘The constituents of one of you is gathered in his mother’s womb for forty days, then it becomes an Alaqah within another period of forty days. Then it becomes a Mudghah, and forty days later, Allaah sends His angel to it to breathe into it the Ruh. The angel comes with instructions concerning four things, so the angel writes down his livelihood, his death, his deeds and whether he will doomed or blessed.” (Sahih Muslim Book 33, #6893).
For an explanation of the embryological terms involved in the hadith, please read here.
From this hadith we can see that the standard process in the creation of all human beings involves an angel who breathes the soul into the human body, even though the action is still attributed to Allah who states that He breathes the soul into the body.

4. Other passages used by critics to argue that the Holy Spirit is not Gabriel include:
78:38 The Day that the Spirit and the angels will stand forth in ranks, none shall speak except any who is permitted by (God) Most Gracious, and He will say what is right.
And the hadith:
"Narrated Aisha: The Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) used to pronounce while bowing and prostrating himself: All Glorious, all Holy, Lord of the Angels and the Spirit." (Sahih Muslim, Book 4, Number 0987)
It is claimed that since these quotes distiguish between the Spirit and the Angels, therefore the Holy Spirit cannot possibly be an angel. However, it has been mentioned in previous articles that this is the Qur'anic style which distinguishes between Jibreel and the Angels because of his great rank:
2:98 Whoever is an enemy to Allah and His angels and apostles, to Gabriel and Michael,- Lo! Allah is an enemy to those who reject Faith.
This verse mentions Angle Gabriel and Angel Michael seperately from the other angels, but we know that they are angels themselves. This is simply the Qur'anic style of emphasis. This was explained in the article The Number of Groups on the Day of Resurrection.
Another hadith is also quoted in order to prove that Jibreel is distinct from Ruh Al-Qudus. It contains a poem composed by the companion of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), Hassan ibn Thabit (rd). In the last two lines of his poem, he says:
"Whether anyone amongst you (the Quraysh) chooses to satirise the Messenger of Allah, or praise him, or help him, it is all the same,
And Gabriel who is the Emissary of Allah, is with us, and indeed the Ruh Al-Qudus has no match" (Sahih Muslim, The Book of Companions of the Prophet, 6550, ARABIC SOURCE)
In the above poem of Hassan ibn Thabit, the last line has been misunderstood to be differentiating between Angel Jibreel and Ruh Al-Qudus. This misunderstanding is partly due to the poor translation of this hadith which renders the last phrase as:
"And Gabriel, the Apostle of Allah is among us, and the Holy Spirit who has no match."
Either of the two underlined words can be removed to restore the true meaning of the arabic phrase. This poetic description can be illustrated using many examples:

"The King has arrived, and his Majesty shall now attend to your needs" - Here "the king" and "his majesty" refer to the same person.
"Don't worry, the police are here. The guardians of justice will protect you" - Again, the police are being poetically described as 'the guardians of justice'.

These examples should demonstrate that this hadith of Hassan ibn Thabit does not distinguish between Angel Jibreel and Ruh Al-Qudus as critics claim. Rather, they merely describes the titles of Angel Jibreel.

Having examined the relevant evidence, we can safely conclude that the name 'Ruh Al-Qudus' has been established as a title of Angel Jibreel and there is no evidence to indicate otherwise. Therefore, there is no contradiction between verses 2:97 and 16:102 since they both describe the tasks of Angel Jibreel.

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Postby *Proud_Muslimah* » Wed Aug 24, 2005 2:58 am

Confirming the Old Revelation or Substituting it

With regards to the thirty-third alledged contradiction:
Quote:
The new revelation confirms the old [2:97] or substitutes it [16:101]?

Verses in question:
2:97. Say: "Whoever is an enemy to Jibrael (Gabriel) (let him die in his fury), for indeed he has brought it (this Qur'ân) down to your heart by Allah's Permission, confirming what came before it, as guidance and glad tidings for the believers.

16:101. And when We change a Verse in place of another, and Allâh knows the best of what He sends down, they (the disbelievers) say: "You (O Muhammad ) are but a forger!" Nay, but most of them know not.

The truth of the matter is that these two verses describe two totally seperate issues with regards to God's revelation. Verse 2:97 describes the fact that the Qur'an confirms the revelations delivered to previous nations, while verse 16:101 describes the Qur'anic concept of abrogation. The following points clarify these two issues:

1. With regards to verse 2:97, Syed Qutb (d. 1966CE) writes the following in his prominent Fi Dhilalil Qur'an:

The Qur'an was lodged in Muhammad's heart, confirming "the Scriptures revealed before it, and is a guidance and joyful tidings for the believers".
The Qur'an confirms and endorses in general terms all Divine revelations recieved before it. The religion of God, as expounded and preached by all revealed Scriptures, is basically one and the same. All Divine revelations have come as guidance to man and as a source of joyful tidings for all believing hearts that are receptive and willing to have faith in God.(Qutb, In the Shade of the Qur'an, The Islamic Foundation 1999, vol. 1, p.95)

And Shaykh Abu Ammaar Yasir Qadhi writes:

However, as a manifestation of Allaah's mercy, mankind was not left without guidance in its social and political life. Rather, their Creator provided for them a set of laws that would govern them in their mutual affairs, and instruct them concerning all that was beneficial for them, and warn against all that was harmful to them. These code of laws varied from time to time, and from place to place, for each set of peoples had their own specific problems and peculiar situations that needed to be catered to. Allaah says,
And for every nation, We appointed (their) religious ceremonies, so that they may mention the Name of Allaah...[3:50]
Since each prophet was sent to a different nation, it was possible for one messenger to abrogate the laws of a previous messenger. (Qadhi, An Introduction to the Sciences of the Qur'aan, Al-Hidaayah Publishing and Distribution 1999, p. 245)

Thus, the Qur'an confirms the laws, beliefs and stories found in previous scritures while it also serves as a criterion in identifying false notions and doctrines which have crept into previous scriptures through corruption. Although the Qur'an confirms the message of the previous revelations it also contains some different laws which are more appropriate for the Muslim nation than older laws such as the Mosaic laws. As Moiz Amjad comments:

Mr. Katz contends that the Qur'an cannot confirm as well as substitute the previous scriptures at the same time. The reason for this contention is that Mr. Katz has taken the word 'confirm' to imply 'to approve, to sanction or to endorse'. The word, however, is also used to mean: 'to verify, to prove and to certify'. Mr. Katz is correct in contending that the Qur'an cannot "confirm" (i.e. approve/sanction/endorse) the old scriptures as well as substitute or abrogate them. However, I am sure all would agree that there would be no contradiction in saying that 'even though the Christians "confirm" (i.e. verify/certify) circumcision to be a part of divine law, yet consider the obligatory nature of this law to be abrogated.' In the same way, there is obviously no contradiction in the statement that "the Qur'an, on the one hand "confirms" the divine origin of the previous scriptures, and on the other, substitutes its laws with the new laws". (SOURCE)

The Qur'an only confirms the message of the previous revelations in their original form, not the tampered form that has survived. As for the tampered form, then the Qur'an confirms what is correct and distinguishes it from what is false. Furthermore, some of the details in the laws of previous revelations were particular for their respective nation, and consequently the Qur'an contains laws that are more appropriate for the followers of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

2. With regards to verse 16:101, then this explains the concept of abrogation (naskh) in the Qur'an. The Qur'an was revealed gradually to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) allowing his followers to gradually becoming stronger in faith and able to follow the laws of Islam. As Shaykh Abu Ammaar Yasir Qadhi mentions:

Among the blessings of Allaah to the Companions is that He revealed to them the laws of Islaam gradually, and thus made it easier for them to adopt these laws. Initially, there were no specific laws of halaal and haraam. The Companions during the Makkan stage were being trained spiritually so that they could form the nucleus of the future Muslim state in Madeenah. Once they had passed this stage, Allaah then completed the revelation of the sharee'ah in gradual steps, so that they could adapt to the lifestyle of Islaam.(Qadhi, An Introduction to the Sciences of the Qur'aan, Al-Hidaayah Publishing and Distribution 1999, p. 86)

Thus, early Qur'anic verses may have contained a general or light directive which was later substituted for a specific ruling laying down a concrete law. For instance, the Qur'an initially stated that there was much harm and some benefit in alcohol (2:219) after which many Muslims began to abstain from alcohol more. Then the Qur'an forbade the believers to perform prayer when intoxicated (4:43) and later on it declared alcohol to be categorically forbidden (5:90). In this manner, the Qur'an gradually revealed laws through a process of substituting a few verses, which aided in establishing the Islamic practices. Had alcohol been forbidden at once in a society where it was a firmly-rooted practice, the message would have been too difficult to follow. Abrogation does not imply any imperfection on the part of God, as some crtics claim. It only illustrates the changing condition of society and the need to provide laws relevant to a nation's context in the world.

To conclude, verse 2:97 indicates that the Qur'an confirms the truth found in previous scriptures while verse 16:101 describes the gradual revelation of Islamic law and how one verse is exchanged for another. Thus, there is no contradiction between the two.

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Postby *Proud_Muslimah* » Wed Aug 24, 2005 2:59 am

The Qur'an's Pure Arabic and the Presence of Foreign Words

On the thirty-fourth alleged contradiction:
Quote:
The Qur'an is PURE Arabic [16:103] but there are numerous foreign, non-Arabic words in it.


Verse in question:
16:103. And indeed We know that they (polytheists and pagans) say: "It is only a human being who teaches him (Muhammad)." The tongue of the man they refer to is foreign, while this (the Qur'ân) is a speech Arabeeyun mubeen.

1. This is simply an example of a mistranslation. The critics have incorrectly translated arabeeyun mubeen as 'pure arabic' when in reality it refers to clarity and eloquence, hence the phrase should be rendered as:
while this (the Qur'ân) is clear, eloquent Arabic speech.
In his explanation on this verse, Ibn Kathir Ad-Damishqi (d. 1372CE) writes in his renowned Tafsir Al-Qur'an Al-Azim:

(The tongue of the man they refer to is foreign, while this (the Qur'an) is a (in) clear Arabic tongue.) meaning, how could it be that this Qur'an with its eloquent style and perfect meanings, which is more perfect than any Book revealed to any previously sent Prophet, have been learnt from a foreigner who hardly speaks the language? No one with the slightest amount of common sense would say such a thing. (Tafsir Ibn Kathir, Abridged, Darussalam Publishers & Distributors, 2000, vol. 5, p. 528; More Detailed Quote from Ibn Kathir here)

Thus, this verse has nothing to do with etymology and the presence of foreign words in the Qur'an. It simply points out that the Qur'an cannot be attributed to a foreigner when it has been revealed in clear and eloquent arabic. To understand mubeen in a sense that negates words of foreign origin would be illogical in light of its context in other verses. For example, Allah says:
31:11 Such is the Creation of Allah. now show Me what is there that others besides Him have created: nay, but the Transgressors are in manifest error.
The phrase that has been rendered here as 'manifest error' is dalaalim mubeen. Hence, it it obvious that mubeen refers to something clear, especially in the sense that it is obvious. There is no doubt about it,whether it be about its origin, its implication for humanity, its laws, its guidance - it is all clear and straightforward. As Muhammad Asad writes about the word:

whereas this is Arabic speech, clear [in itself] and clearly showing the truth [of its source].
The participial adjective mubin may denote an attribute of the noun which it qualifies ("clear", "manifest", "obvious", etc.) as well as its function ("making clear" or "manifesting", i.e., the truth), either of which meanings is dictated by its context. In the consensus of authoritative opinion, both these meanings are comprised in the above instance; consequently, a compound phrase is necessary in order to render the term appropriately.(Asad, Message of the Qur'an, The Book Foundation 2003)

From the above discussion it becomes apparent that the critic's objection about foreign words is totally irrelevant to the verse. The verse simply points out the fact that the Qur'an is obviously in clear arabic, hence it cannot be attributed to a non-arab. Regarding the stunning eloquence of the Qur'an, non-Muslim writer John Naish says:

The Qur'an in its original Arabic dress has a seductive beauty and charm of its own Couched in concise and exalted style, its brief pregnant sentences, often rhymed, possess an expressive force and explosive energy which it is extremely difficult to convey by literal word for word translation. (John Naish, M. A. (Oxon), D. D., The Wisdom of the Qur’an (Oxford: 1937), preface viii.)

For more quotes on the eloquence of the Qur'an, please see here and here.

2. It should be noted that although the Qur'an has words of foreign origin in it, this does not detract from the purity of the language at all. Shaykh Muhammad Mohar Ali, a former Professor of the History of Islam at Madinah Islamic University, discusses such issues in detail in one of his recent works:

Ever since the middle of the nineteenth century orientalists have turned their attention to what they consider "foreign words" in the Qur'an. They indeed take their cue from the writings of the Muslim classical scholars and exegetes themselves who, in their eagerness for meticulous studies of all aspects of the Qur'an, paid attention also to the words and expressions in it that were adopted and naturalized in the Arabic language of words and expressions of non-Arabic origin.
...Al-Suyuti and others before him emphasize three important facts in this connection. First, Arabic, Ethiopic, Syriac and Aramaic are cognate languages and have a good number of words in common because of their common roots. Second, in the course of the Arabs' long contact with the outside world, especially in the course of their trade and commerce, a number of words of non-Arabic origin entered the language and were naturalized, these being considered part and parcel of the Arabic language. Third, in the course of such adoption and naturalization the forms as well as the original meanings of the words underwent some modifications and changes.
These facts are common in respect to all languages. So far as Arabic is concerned, however, the first mentioned fact may be a little more elaborated. Arabic, Aramaic, Syriac and Hebrew are all Semitic languages and all had the same origin... The later Arabic language developed out of this original Arabic-Aramaic language. It is because of this fact that all the above mentioned languages have a number of words and expressions in common, though their senses and connotations have undergone changes due to the influences of time and locality. At the time the Qur'an came down, a number of words of these cognate languages as well as languages of the neigbouring peoples had been naturalized in the Arabic language and were regarded as part and parcel of the standard and literary Arabic (al-'arabiy al-mubin). The occurrence of such words and expressions in the Qur'an is thus quite natural because it was sent down in the language of its immediate audience, the Arabs.
...The Qur'anic ayah (16:103)...very strongly rebuts the same allegation of instruction by some person made by the Makkan unbelievers and points out that the language of the individual hinted at was "foreign" ('a'jami), i.e. not Arabic. ...The literary Arabic of the time was very developed and expressive; and a passage of the Qur'an which does not contain any of the alleged "foreign" words is as much a masterpiece of composition as any other passage. (M. M. Ali, The Qur'an and The Orientalists, Jam'iyat 'Ihyaa' Minhaaj Al-Sunnah 2004, pp. 305-306, 308, emphasis added)

In his above discussion on foreign words in the Qur'an, Shaykh M. Mohar Ali makes several important points. First, he points out that it is a characteristic of languages that they borrow extensively, and even entirely, from previous dialects, yet this in no way detracts from the purity of the language. He states that the foreign words become "part and parcel" of the language, which maintains the status of arabeeyin mubeen. He also points out that all these foreign words had already been accepted as part of the arabic language prior to Qur'anic revelation. In fact, Shaykh Mohar Ali continues by discussing the research on foreign words by Arthur Jeffery:

In fact Jeffery's researches go to show that the words he identifies as of foreign origin had actually been naturalized and become regular Arabic words before they came to be used in the Qur'an. He lists some 275 such words other than proper names. "About three quarters of the words in this list", as Watt points out, "can be shown to have been in use in Arabic before the time of Muhammad, ... Of the remaining 70 or so, though there is no written evidence of their earlier use, it may well be true that they were already employed in speech..." (fn. Watt, bell's Introduction etc., op. cit., p. 85). And in view of the fact that Arabic, Syriac, Ethiopic, Hebrew or Jewish Aramaic are cognate Semitic languages having common origin in the original Arabic-Aramaic mentioned above, they have many words in common and also similar forms. It is thus difficult in many cases to say which of such common words is derived from which of these languages. (M. M. Ali, The Qur'an and The Orientalists, Jam'iyat 'Ihyaa' Minhaaj Al-Sunnah 2004, p. 313)

Thus, these "foreign" words had already been integrated into the arabic language and were accepted as part of pure literary arabic. This notion is expressed accurately by Moiz Amjad as follows:

it is not the lack of words borrowed from other languages that makes good and pure literature, but the clarity and the purity of the dialect. In fact, words of foreign-origin, when adopted by the literati of a language, become a part of that language. The Qur'an, in the referred verse has indeed stressed the clarity and the purity of the dialect to refute the allegation of the rejecters that a non-Arab has forged the Qur'an. Nevertheless, the fact that some of the words of the Qur'an are of a foreign-origin does not refute the purity of the Qur'anic Arabic, unless it is proven that such words had not already been adopted by the Arabs in there speech and/or literature.

Obviously, the clarity and the style of the language of "Julius Caesar" is a clear evidence of the fact that its writer has a classical English background. The mere fact that 'Caesar' is a word of Roman (?) origin does not make Shakespeare any less an English writer. In fact, if any one criticizes Shakespeare for not using 'emperor' or 'ruler' (or any other pure English synonym for 'Caesar') in place of 'Caesar', to make it pure English, such a person not only has no sense of literature but is not even aware of the fact that the word 'Caesar' was used in the English language not merely to imply 'ruler' or 'emperor', but as a title for the Roman emperors.

Exactly in the same manner, any one who thinks that the Qur'an has used any foreign words actually is mistaken by the fact that some of the words in the Qur'an have a foreign-origin. Nevertheless, the Qur'an has used only such foreign-origin words, which had not only been introduced in the Arabic language but were also commonly used by the Arabs. Thus, it should be kept in mind that it is not the origin of words used by a literature, that effects the purity or otherwise of that literature. On the contrary, it is whether such words of foreign-origin have been adopted in the language or not. If such words have generally been adopted as a part of the language, usage of such words would not affect the purity of the language or the dialect. (SOURCE)

In light of the above explanation, it should be clear that the Qur'an is still considered pure arabic inspite of the fact that Arabic borrows, as all languages do, extensivley from previous dialects and languages.

In conclusion, there is no contradiction in verse 16:103 as it points towards the fact that the Qur'an is clear and eloquent arabic speech that cannot be mistaken for any other language. The Qur'an is clear in its source, its wordings, its laws and its commands.

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Postby Steeler [Crawler2] » Wed Aug 24, 2005 3:16 am

OK I got screwed here, so sorry if this is somewhat truncated. Wrote a lengthy response and the f-king computer deleted it with one wrong keystroke.

First, I appreciate you taking the time to write a well thought out response that was not sanctimonious. I can not say I agree with your positions and I will try to explain why, but they are understandable. However, I would say that while I respect your beliefs, it appears that you have never been able to apply critical thought to your position. My suspicion is you grew up a Muslim, you've always been a Muslim, and the idea that perhaps there could be a flaw in the faith is simply not something you are intellectually willing to entertain. If you can't entertain that thought, you can never really look critically at your faith. Rather it becomes simply a question of blind allegiance.

This is the same phenomenon I share with my wife who was born and raised a Bhudist. She is incapable of objective thought on the subject. For her, being objective is akin to be traitorous to her faith. So she performs her rituals, paying homage to her creator in the way that she believes is correct. She is ever bit as sincere in her faith as you are in yours.

Back to the concept of Justice and Mercy. I shall try and keep this simple. You refer to Gods mercy (as does Islamic thought) in basically two areas. The first is the mercy he has betowed upon us by providing us so much bounty here on Earth. Yet I would submit to you that the bounty here on earth are, in Islamic thought, the test conditions. Are creating test conditions to be considered acts of mercy. If you are taking a test in a hot room, and the professor turns on the fact, do we define that as an act of mercy? The professor also wrote the exam, and forced us to sit in the room for hours to take the exam. Sure, the earth provides plenty of bounty. God also created poinsonous creatures that bite, sickness, disease, pain. When my girlfriend died of cancer, a slow painful death visited upon a kind and gentle soul, where was Gods mercy then? What we have on Earth is not merca, it's balance. The good and the bad, all intertwined.

Then we discuss mercy in and justice in the context of the day of judgement. Here, we have two basic characteristics that can not be reconclised. You are either just, or you are merciful. But you can not be both. To apply mercy, you must abbrogate justice. let me elaborate:

Let's say a kid has stolen a car. The judge sentances him to probation and psychological counseling, minimizing the sentance because the kid grew up in a broken home and his foster parents abused him and he hasn't had adequate moral guidance. OK, fair enough. But the judge wasn't being merciuful, as some might claim. He was applying the standards of justice, balancing societies needs for punishment of crime with the individuals circumstances. That's what justice is about. Now, let's say the kid was just a punk. Had a good home and good parents and was just a jerk. Now the victim of the crime suddenly takes pity on the kid and asks the judge to sentance him to probation, which the judge does. Here he has applied mercy, but he has done so at the expense of justice. Societies needs were not served, but the individual got a break - mercy was applied. You can not have both. It's an either or thing. Now let's say God decides, on the day of Judgement, to cut MAC the killer some slack. So MAC goes to paradise. Meanwhile, Proud, the slave to Allah, also goes to paradise. Maybe we're sitting next to each other on the escalator to paradise. You got screwed. I spent all my earthly days doing what I wanted, engaging in violence and lots of illicit sex, while you followed the rules stringently. God applied mercy to me, but at the expense of justice. All the Prouds are there are saying "what the fuck? Why did I bother behaving?" Or God could be just and say "MAC, see that door over there that say damnation? Go through that door and get a ticket from this guy named satan. You're outta here kid." God would be just, but he would not be merciful.

You (and the tenets of Islam) claim this is a test. But again, you have failed to address why the test standards are not the same. I, for example, grew up in a Christian family. I went to Church every Sunday, attended Sunday school, etc. etc. I am, and always have been, a critical thinker. By the time I was 16 I had rejected Christianity. As I caste around and looked at other faiths, I realized they all depended on two basic concepts - threats and cajolery. The threat of eternal damnation, the bribe of eternal paradise. Do what we say, and you're in the club. An eternity (which is a long time) of paradise. Don't do what we say, and you're screwed. It's downright crass. God is reduced to a mafia boss, demanding you pay for the protection he extends you.

You also don't adequately (though you do do your homework) address the issue of distribution and protection of the message. On Islam-QA the "sheik" who posts there wrote "nothing is trivial in Islam". He was discussing how the Prophet pointed his index finger while prostrating himself. I mean, it's ludicrous. Any objectively thinking human being would reject such nonsense. Far, far, far more people in the hisotry of the world have never been exposed to the Qur'an than the inverse. Yet we are suppose to believe that following all these rules, and there are many, are the key to paradise? Follow the rules God has set down for you, and you will be rewarded. But oh, by the way, I failed to make sure most people got the rules. It's as if the professor only told 1/4 of the class where the instruction would be held at, the rest he said "I'll get back with you" and then he provides intense instruction to that 1/4. Then he announces to all, the test will be held tomorrow. The other students never even knew what books to read before the test.

If the message was so important, why did God fail to properly distribute AND PROTECT it from human inception? Why did he allow competing religious conepts to exist? Why does he allow some people to get massive exposure to his message while others get none at all?

There is no logical explanation for this.

I offer two:

The first is that the "Prophets" are charlatans. They have invented ideas or stolen them. They are charismatic politicians who pursuade vulernable people to follow them to their deaths. Hitler manage to do this without even having a religious doctrine to fall on to. Jim Jones convinced 178 people to kill themselves. So shit, it's obvious that some people can do this. They use edicts from God to become powerful political leaders. As much as you "love" the Prophet (and you can't love someone you never met, but OK, you think you do) and are incapable of objective thought, consider this. In his rise to power, he got the one thing that most men truly desire - lots of flower. Sounds crass to your ears, I know. But he slept not only with his wives, but also with a number of women taken by his right hand (i.e. captured in battle). Aisha was still essentially a little girl when he was doing her. There is no denying, Mohammed liked his women. So that's possibility number one.

Possibility number two is that in fact we all talk to God. We all have the ability to commune with God. You know when you are doing something you really know you shouldn't, and the hairs stand up on the back of your neck? You get a feeling in the pit of your stomach that says "you ain't suppose to be doing that"? I believe that's God talking to you. Now, some people meditate. Perhaps it is possible to commune with God. And I suspect, like all things in life, some people have more talent at this than others. In which case, we could account for our Prophets, who commune with God, but not cleanly. That's why their messages are never completely the same, although they may share similarities.

In the event, I soundly reject the notion that God has sent down a message in black and white for us all to follow - for the reasons I articulated above. Worse (and the reason I am so hostile to some Islamic thought, as well as some Chrisitian and Jewish thought - we won't even discuss hinduism which is flat out stupid) religion in the public domaine is downright dangerous. I mean, if individuals want to be self delusional and blindly follow a myriad of rules, hey, it's a free country. Have at it. But many aren't satisfied with that. Possessed of self-righteousness, they believe they are superior and want to impose their rules upon everone else. This is how Jihad has become a controversial concept in Islam. Some Muslims do believe that non-believers must be physically attacked until they submit to Islamic rule (check this subject on Islam-QA or ask the question) and pay jizyah. Their vision is that the whole world must be brought under Islamic rule and all non-Muslims must submit and pay Jizyah. You can see why such a concept is so dangerous. This is where my true hostility comes from. I will admit, on the other counts I am guilty of contempt. My contempt comes from my arrogance born of a free intellect - an intellect God gave me. But I am trying Proud, I am trying real hard to be humble.

Again, I do appreciate you taking the time to address this subject in a reasonable manner. I doubt we will ever see eye to eye. But perhaps through dialog we will at least understand each other better.

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Postby *Proud_Muslimah* » Wed Aug 24, 2005 3:17 am

For the science ones, go to these following links Smile

http://www.load-islam.com/C/rebuttals/PlagiarismGreek/

http://www.load-islam.com/C/rebuttals/P ... smGreek/3/

http://www.load-islam.com/C/rebuttals/P ... smGreek/5/

Don't worry, more to come for this part Insh'Allah (God Willing)

As for the abbrogation part, read this article Smile

http://www.load-islam.com/C/rebuttals/T ... the_Quran/

More to come Insh'Allah (God Willing), Peace

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Postby Steeler [Crawler2] » Wed Aug 24, 2005 3:18 am

OK I got screwed here, so sorry if this is somewhat truncated. Wrote a lengthy response and the f-king computer deleted it with one wrong keystroke.

First, I appreciate you taking the time to write a well thought out response that was not sanctimonious. I can not say I agree with your positions and I will try to explain why, but they are understandable. However, I would say that while I respect your beliefs, it appears that you have never been able to apply critical thought to your position. My suspicion is you grew up a Muslim, you've always been a Muslim, and the idea that perhaps there could be a flaw in the faith is simply not something you are intellectually willing to entertain. If you can't entertain that thought, you can never really look critically at your faith. Rather it becomes simply a question of blind allegiance.

This is the same phenomenon I share with my wife who was born and raised a Bhudist. She is incapable of objective thought on the subject. For her, being objective is akin to be traitorous to her faith. So she performs her rituals, paying homage to her creator in the way that she believes is correct. She is ever bit as sincere in her faith as you are in yours.

Back to the concept of Justice and Mercy. I shall try and keep this simple. You refer to Gods mercy (as does Islamic thought) in basically two areas. The first is the mercy he has betowed upon us by providing us so much bounty here on Earth. Yet I would submit to you that the bounty here on earth are, in Islamic thought, the test conditions. Are creating test conditions to be considered acts of mercy. If you are taking a test in a hot room, and the professor turns on the fact, do we define that as an act of mercy? The professor also wrote the exam, and forced us to sit in the room for hours to take the exam. Sure, the earth provides plenty of bounty. God also created poinsonous creatures that bite, sickness, disease, pain. When my girlfriend died of cancer, a slow painful death visited upon a kind and gentle soul, where was Gods mercy then? What we have on Earth is not merca, it's balance. The good and the bad, all intertwined.

Then we discuss mercy in and justice in the context of the day of judgement. Here, we have two basic characteristics that can not be reconclised. You are either just, or you are merciful. But you can not be both. To apply mercy, you must abbrogate justice. let me elaborate:

Let's say a kid has stolen a car. The judge sentances him to probation and psychological counseling, minimizing the sentance because the kid grew up in a broken home and his foster parents abused him and he hasn't had adequate moral guidance. OK, fair enough. But the judge wasn't being merciuful, as some might claim. He was applying the standards of justice, balancing societies needs for punishment of crime with the individuals circumstances. That's what justice is about. Now, let's say the kid was just a punk. Had a good home and good parents and was just a jerk. Now the victim of the crime suddenly takes pity on the kid and asks the judge to sentance him to probation, which the judge does. Here he has applied mercy, but he has done so at the expense of justice. Societies needs were not served, but the individual got a break - mercy was applied. You can not have both. It's an either or thing. Now let's say God decides, on the day of Judgement, to cut MAC the killer some slack. So MAC goes to paradise. Meanwhile, Proud, the slave to Allah, also goes to paradise. Maybe we're sitting next to each other on the escalator to paradise. You got screwed. I spent all my earthly days doing what I wanted, engaging in violence and lots of illicit sex, while you followed the rules stringently. God applied mercy to me, but at the expense of justice. All the Prouds are there are saying "what the fuck? Why did I bother behaving?" Or God could be just and say "MAC, see that door over there that say damnation? Go through that door and get a ticket from this guy named satan. You're outta here kid." God would be just, but he would not be merciful.

You (and the tenets of Islam) claim this is a test. But again, you have failed to address why the test standards are not the same. I, for example, grew up in a Christian family. I went to Church every Sunday, attended Sunday school, etc. etc. I am, and always have been, a critical thinker. By the time I was 16 I had rejected Christianity. As I caste around and looked at other faiths, I realized they all depended on two basic concepts - threats and cajolery. The threat of eternal damnation, the bribe of eternal paradise. Do what we say, and you're in the club. An eternity (which is a long time) of paradise. Don't do what we say, and you're screwed. It's downright crass. God is reduced to a mafia boss, demanding you pay for the protection he extends you.

You also don't adequately (though you do do your homework) address the issue of distribution and protection of the message. On Islam-QA the "sheik" who posts there wrote "nothing is trivial in Islam". He was discussing how the Prophet pointed his index finger while prostrating himself. I mean, it's ludicrous. Any objectively thinking human being would reject such nonsense. Far, far, far more people in the hisotry of the world have never been exposed to the Qur'an than the inverse. Yet we are suppose to believe that following all these rules, and there are many, are the key to paradise? Follow the rules God has set down for you, and you will be rewarded. But oh, by the way, I failed to make sure most people got the rules. It's as if the professor only told 1/4 of the class where the instruction would be held at, the rest he said "I'll get back with you" and then he provides intense instruction to that 1/4. Then he announces to all, the test will be held tomorrow. The other students never even knew what books to read before the test.

If the message was so important, why did God fail to properly distribute AND PROTECT it from human inception? Why did he allow competing religious conepts to exist? Why does he allow some people to get massive exposure to his message while others get none at all?

There is no logical explanation for this.

I offer two:

The first is that the "Prophets" are charlatans. They have invented ideas or stolen them. They are charismatic politicians who pursuade vulernable people to follow them to their deaths. Hitler manage to do this without even having a religious doctrine to fall on to. Jim Jones convinced 178 people to kill themselves. So shit, it's obvious that some people can do this. They use edicts from God to become powerful political leaders. As much as you "love" the Prophet (and you can't love someone you never met, but OK, you think you do) and are incapable of objective thought, consider this. In his rise to power, he got the one thing that most men truly desire - lots of flower. Sounds crass to your ears, I know. But he slept not only with his wives, but also with a number of women taken by his right hand (i.e. captured in battle). Aisha was still essentially a little girl when he was doing her. There is no denying, Mohammed liked his women. So that's possibility number one.

Possibility number two is that in fact we all talk to God. We all have the ability to commune with God. You know when you are doing something you really know you shouldn't, and the hairs stand up on the back of your neck? You get a feeling in the pit of your stomach that says "you ain't suppose to be doing that"? I believe that's God talking to you. Now, some people meditate. Perhaps it is possible to commune with God. And I suspect, like all things in life, some people have more talent at this than others. In which case, we could account for our Prophets, who commune with God, but not cleanly. That's why their messages are never completely the same, although they may share similarities.

In the event, I soundly reject the notion that God has sent down a message in black and white for us all to follow - for the reasons I articulated above. Worse (and the reason I am so hostile to some Islamic thought, as well as some Chrisitian and Jewish thought - we won't even discuss hinduism which is flat out stupid) religion in the public domaine is downright dangerous. I mean, if individuals want to be self delusional and blindly follow a myriad of rules, hey, it's a free country. Have at it. But many aren't satisfied with that. Possessed of self-righteousness, they believe they are superior and want to impose their rules upon everone else. This is how Jihad has become a controversial concept in Islam. Some Muslims do believe that non-believers must be physically attacked until they submit to Islamic rule (check this subject on Islam-QA or ask the question) and pay jizyah. Their vision is that the whole world must be brought under Islamic rule and all non-Muslims must submit and pay Jizyah. You can see why such a concept is so dangerous. This is where my true hostility comes from. I will admit, on the other counts I am guilty of contempt. My contempt comes from my arrogance born of a free intellect - an intellect God gave me. But I am trying Proud, I am trying real hard to be humble.

Again, I do appreciate you taking the time to address this subject in a reasonable manner. I doubt we will ever see eye to eye. But perhaps through dialog we will at least understand each other better.

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Postby *Proud_Muslimah* » Wed Aug 24, 2005 3:54 am

Peace Mad Mac Smile

"However, I would say that while I respect your beliefs, it appears that you have never been able to apply critical thought to your position. My suspicion is you grew up a Muslim, you've always been a Muslim, and the idea that perhaps there could be a flaw in the faith is simply not something you are intellectually willing to entertain. If you can't entertain that thought, you can never really look critically at your faith. Rather it becomes simply a question of blind allegiance"

Mad I don't support Islam or believe in Islam because I was a born Muslim and never had the chance to think or apply critical thoughts but because I know for a FACT Islam is the RIGHT religion. To tell you the truth, I was not born into a "practicing" family so I hardly knew much about Islam. I did my own research, studied Islam with my sister (who btw was the only practicing person in my family) and I honestly never saw anything wrong with it. Everything Islam says (things such as the human nature, the earth, science stuff, the concept of God...etc) are all TRUE. Mad Mac, you just need to reflect upon things! Read the Qur'an, do some research on Islam, learn more about Islam and then come back to me and let me know what you think!

You are judging Islam because of your misunderstandings (please don't think I'm offending you or anything but this is what I honestly believe, especially considering your posts).

See Islam has the answer for all your questions about this life, concept of God...etc, don't just read stuff on the internet.

Even though I understand your point of view but I have to be honest with you here and say I disagree! Insh'Allah (God Willing) I will type up a long reply sometime tomorrow as I'm in a rush right now (Please excuse me).

"If the message was so important, why did God fail to properly distribute AND PROTECT it from human inception? Why did he allow competing religious conepts to exist? Why does he allow some people to get massive exposure to his message while others get none at all?"

Again Mad Mac, this could be linked to how this life is a test for us...etc. Insh'Allah will explain it in more details tomorrow Smile

Peace

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Postby Steeler [Crawler2] » Wed Aug 24, 2005 4:16 am

Proud
Go home and tell your family you have left Islam and are becoming a Bhuddist. Watch the reaction from your "non-practicing" family. They are more practicing than you think. They may not be fundamentalist, or fanatical, but they are Muslims and have brought you up to believe certain norms.

Let me ask you something, have you read the book fo Bhudda, spent some time in a Bhuddist temple meditating? Have you read the Bible and spent some time in a Catholic monestary to see if that is the right way for you? Can you honestly, in your heart, say you have examined the worlds religions even-handedly and then drawn your conclusions?

I have read the Qur'an, as surela as you know for a fact that Islam is the right religion, I know for a fact that it is hogwash. I am 43 years old, have a college edcuation, and have lived all over the world (including 2 years in the Horn of Africa and 6 months roaming the Saudi Deserts, as well as one year in the Muslim portion of Bosnia) speak two languages fluently and two others crudely. Do you think I haven't spent any time examining other faiths? I have read the Qur'an and most of the Hadith. I lived with a Muslim woman. I have spent time discussing Islam with an Imam in a Mosque in Somalia and one in Kenya. In short, I am not lacking for exposure to Islamic thought or doctrine. I will never be a believer in Islam. In fact, I find Bhudism to be more logical and also more genuine.

I am not judging Islam because of Misunderstanding, I understand it just fine. You can see that from my posts. What you are struggling with is the idea that someone can read what you read and not reach the same conclusions. But this happens all the time in life. Lots of people will look at the same information or observation and draw different conclusions. Brilliant peope like Stephen Hawkings have rejected Islam and are practicing Christians. Do you think it's because Hawkings is insencere or ignorant? No. Think about it. Look at the big picture.

Islam only has all the anwsers if you want to blindly follow it. I have detailed my concerns, Islamic explanations require blind faith, not true evidence. When God comes down and hands me a Qur'an, then, and only then, will I be a believer. Short of that, probably not gonna happen.

But I do look forward to your detailed response.

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Postby *Proud_Muslimah* » Wed Aug 24, 2005 4:32 pm

"Let me ask you something, have you read the book fo Bhudda, spent some time in a Bhuddist temple meditating? Have you read the Bible and spent some time in a Catholic monestary to see if that is the right way for you? Can you honestly, in your heart, say you have examined the worlds religions even-handedly and then drawn your conclusions?"

Indeed I can Mad Mac, Christianity-full of contradictions, how on earth can someone believe in a religion that just CONTRADICTS itself? Confused Come on, lets be a bit realistic here Mad Mac, can you (now be honest) refute these contradictions SomaliSizz is posting just like we are refuting these "alleged" contradicitons? I very much doubt, but go head proof me wrong if you can! The beliefs of the Jewish-full of contradictions as well (it's not any different to Christianity really) Bhudda? LOL....don't make me even go there!

"Go home and tell your family you have left Islam and are becoming a Bhuddist. Watch the reaction from your "non-practicing" family. They are more practicing than you think"

Mad Mac, any Muslim family, regardless of whether they are practicing Muslims or not will have shocking reaction!

Anyways, back to the topic!

First, let make this clear to you again.....Allah (God) created men so that they may serve Him. His being a servant of Allah constitutes the essence of man. Man cannot therefore attain to his true humanity and acquire peace of mind unless he realises this aim for which he was created. But how can he do this! Allah, being Merciful and Just, has helped him in many ways. He granted him as we said before an originally good nature that is inclined to know and serve its true Lord. He granted him a mind that possesses a moral sense and the ability to reason. He made the whole universe a natural book full of signs that lead a thinking person to Allah. But to make things more specific, to give him more detailed knowledge of his Lord, and to show him in a more detailed manner how to serve Him, Allah has been sending down verbal messages through His prophets chosen from among men, ever since the creation of man. Hence the description of these messages in the Qur'an as guidance, light, signs, reminders, etc.

Allah, the Almighty, has provided the human being with evidence to make faith easy for him/her. The Almighty (Allah SWT) has given mankind a level of playing field so that EVERY (regardless whether they are born Muslims or born Christians, Jewish...etc) human being has an equal opportunity to understand this evidence. The ability to understand it is not confined to those who have been given particular knowledge.

"God also created poinsonous creatures that bite, sickness, disease, pain. When my girlfriend died of cancer, a slow painful death visited upon a kind and gentle soul, where was Gods mercy then? What we have on Earth is not merca, it's balance. The good and the bad, all intertwined"

We see things that are ugly, people who are insane and foolish. There are storms, earthquakes, floods, draught and famine. We also see people commit sins, show disloyalty, unfaithfulness, greed and insincerity. We see people commit rapes, murders; they fight and make wars. We know all these and many more problems. There are evils caused by human beings and there are natural disasters. There are suffering for individuals and there are those that involve a large number of people.

But we also know that this is not the whole story. Besides all these negative things, we also see beauty, health, prosperity, life, birth, wisdom, intelligence, growth and progress. We also see goodness among people, faith, sincerity, charity, love and the spirit of sacrifice. We also see a lot of virtue and piety. It is wrong to see one side of the coin and not to see the other side. Any philosophy that concentrates on one aspect of the creation and denies or ignores the other side is partially true and partial truths are no truth at all.

It is also the fact that the element of good is more in the creation than the element of evil. We all see that there are more people who are healthy than those who are sick. There are more that eat well than those who starve.

There are more that lead decent life than those who commit crimes. Goodness is the rule and evil is the exception. Virtue is the norm and sin is the aberration. Generally trees bear fruits, the flowers bloom, the winds move smoothly.

But then the question is why does Allah allow these exceptions to the rules?

Let us ask this question to understand Allah's ways in His creation. The Quran tells us that good, evil and whatever happens in this world happens by Allah's Will (mashiat Allah). Only Allah knows fully His Will. We finite beings cannot grasp fully His infinite Will and Wisdom. He runs His universe the way He deems fit. The Quran tells us that Allah is Wise and everything that Allah does is right, just, good and fair. We must submit and surrender to His Will. The Quran has not given us all the details about Allah's Will, but it has enlightened us with the guidance that is useful and sufficient for us. There are several points that we should keep in our mind to understand this issue:

1. First of all, Allah did not make this world a permanent world. This is a temporary world and everything here has a time limit. When its times comes it will die, come to an end and finish. Neither the good things of this world are forever, nor the bad things eternal. We are here for a short time and we are being tested. Those who will pass this test will find an eternal world that is perfect and permanent. Those who will fail this test shall see the evil consequences of their sins and corruption.

2. Allah has placed a physical law and a moral law in this universe. Allah allows suffering to occur when one or more of these laws are broken. The physical law is based on cause and effect. Sickness comes if one does not take care of ones health or is exposed to infections. A car accident occurs when one is not alert, or drives in a careless manner, or if the cars are not checked, roads and freeways are not made and kept in right shape, or the traffic laws are not right or not properly enforced. Study of causes and effects is very important to facilitate safeguards. Even here we should keep in mind that Allah often saves us and He does not let us suffer from every negligence. How many times it happens that we are not careful and still we reach safely to our destinations. The way people drive in some cities, it is a miracle that more accidents do not happen and more people do not suffer. Allah says:

(Allah) Most Gracious! It is He Who has taught the Quran. He has created man: He has taught him speech (and Intelligence). The sun and the moon follow courses (exactly) computed; and the herbs and the trees both (alike) bow in adoration. And the Firmament has He raised high, and He has set up the Balance (of Justice), in order that you may not transgress (due) balance. So establish weight with justice and fall not short in the balance. It is He Who has spread out the earth for (His) creatures."
(Ar-Rahman:1-10)

The way we exceed the measures set by Allah and violate His laws of "cause and effect" is incredible. It is really the mercy of Allah that we are saved. Strictly speaking, the question should not be why does Allah allow suffering, but how much Allah protects us and saves us all the time in spite of our violations and negligence. The Quran says:

"If Allah were to punish people according to what they deserve, He would not leave on the back of the (earth) a single living creature: but He gives them respite for a stated Term: when their Term expires, verily Allah has in His sight all His servants."
(Fatir:45)


But sometimes Allah does punish people because of their violations of His laws whether they are physical or moral. The Quran tells us that many nations and communities were destroyed because of their sinful lifestyles:


If they treat thy (mission) as false, so did the Peoples before them (with their Prophets), the People of Noah, and Ad and Thamud. Those of Abraham and Lut; and the Companions of the Madyan people; and Moses was rejected (in the same way). But I granted respite to the Unbelievers, and (only) after that did I punish them: but how (terrible) was My rejection (of them)! How many populations have We destroyed, which were given to wrong-doing! They tumbled down on their roofs. And how many wells are lying idle and neglected, and castles lofty and well-built?" (Al-Hajj: 42-45)


3. Suffering can also be a test and trial for some people. Allah allows some people to suffer in order to test their patience and steadfastness. Even Allah's Prophets and Messengers were made to suffer. Prophet Ayyub is mentioned in the Quran as a Prophet who was very patient. Good people sometimes suffer but their sufferings heal others and bring goodness to their communities. People learn lessons from their good examples. Martyrs die for their faith, soldiers give their lives for their nations and this brings liberation and freedom for their people.

Concerning your girlfriend, sorry about what happened. Let me also mention that Allah (Almighty) can make death occur without any apparent cause, and He can make it come suddenly at any moment. It is by no means certain that a man who enjoys good health will live for a long time or that a man who is young has a long life ahead of him/her! Neither of us know whether we will die tomorrow even today. Death comes to both young and old, healthy and sick. A man/woman may die in the best of health or when very young, and a sick man/woman may live until he reaches a great age. Your girlfriends sickness, as mentioned above, could have been a test for both you and her (Allahu A'lim).

"Back to the concept of Justice and Mercy. I shall try and keep this simple. You refer to Gods mercy (as does Islamic thought) in basically two areas. The first is the mercy he has betowed upon us by providing us so much bounty here on Earth. Yet I would submit to you that the bounty here on earth are, in Islamic thought, the test conditions. Are creating test conditions to be considered acts of mercy. If you are taking a test in a hot room, and the professor turns on the fact, do we define that as an act of mercy?"

Let me ask you this, lets say you are doing last year of school and you had your exams. The teachers or examiners prepared this cool/comfortable room to do your exams, since you had to write about 3 essays and in order to make sure every single student got a fair go they give you all 5 minutes reading time and 10 minutes to plan out your first essay (they do the same thing for the other two left)....would not consider them as being "merciful" and "just"?

And again, as I mentioned earlier, lets say a mother has about 10 kids right. Can she be just (i.e. treat them equally, give them the same punishments when they do something wrong....etc) and at the same time be merciful towards her kids?

See the problem here is that you are comparing God (Allah SWT) to human beings...if a human being can NOT be just and merciful at the same time (which btw they CAN) does NOT mean that God can't....afterall, He created us!

"You also don't adequately (though you do do your homework) address the issue of distribution and protection of the message. On Islam-QA the "sheik" who posts there wrote "nothing is trivial in Islam". He was discussing how the Prophet pointed his index finger while prostrating himself. I mean, it's ludicrous. Any objectively thinking human being would reject such nonsense. Far, far, far more people in the hisotry of the world have never been exposed to the Qur'an than the inverse. Yet we are suppose to believe that following all these rules, and there are many, are the key to paradise? Follow the rules God has set down for you, and you will be rewarded. But oh, by the way, I failed to make sure most people got the rules. It's as if the professor only told 1/4 of the class where the instruction would be held at, the rest he said "I'll get back with you" and then he provides intense instruction to that 1/4. Then he announces to all, the test will be held tomorrow. The other students never even knew what books to read before the test.

If the message was so important, why did God fail to properly distribute AND PROTECT it from human inception? Why did he allow competing religious conepts to exist? Why does he allow some people to get massive exposure to his message while others get none at all?"

Before I answer your question, tell me how is it possible that, if God did not "distribute" His message properly, there are Muslims living in all parts of the world? Is the Qur'an not PROTECTED from human inception? As for the religions, could this not be part of the test?
Last edited by *Proud_Muslimah* on Wed Aug 24, 2005 8:42 pm, edited 1 time in total.

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*Proud_Muslimah*
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Postby *Proud_Muslimah* » Wed Aug 24, 2005 9:07 pm

Mad Mac, you might also be interested in this Smile

By Shaykh Saalih ‘Abdullaah bin Humaid

It is a law of nature that differences will always exist among people. Everywhere and at all times there have been diverse colours, tongues, customs, concepts, intellects and degrees of knowledge. All that is a sign of Allaah’s omnipotence, as the following verse from the Holy Qur’aan states:

“And among His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the variations in your languages and your colours: verily in that are signs for those who know.” (30:22)

These external variations reflect internal variations, variations of opinions, attitudes and objectives. This also is registered in various places of the Holy Qur’aan. By way of example:

“If thy Lord had so willed, He could have made mankind one people: but they will not cease to dispute, except those on whom thy Lord hath bestowed His mercy: and for this did He create them.” (11:118-19)

Al-Fakhr ar-Razi comments: “This verse is indicating the diversity in people’s creeds, moral codes and behaviours.”

I would like to elaborate about the above verse by saying that had Allaah so willed, all humans would have embraced one religion by instinct and original creation (Arabic: al-Fitrah). But in this case they would cease to be human in the sense we know them – their social life would be something similar to bees or ants, and in spirit they would be like angels who are disposed by creation to embrace truth and obey all that they are commanded to by Allaah. There is no room for conflict or disagreement among them. But Allaah in His wisdom has chosen to create humans otherwise. They have to acquire knowledge rather than have it as an inherent endowment; they have the volition to choose what to act and to weigh out possibilities and opposites; they are not predestined to behave in a fixed way. They vary widely as to abilities, capacity for acquiring knowledge and preferences.



As for the clause, “and for this did He create them”, in the above-quoted verse, it may not be presumed to mean that Allaah created humans so that they may disagree – It is known from other texts that what Allaah created humans for is worshipping Him. The purport of the above clause is rather that Allaah created humans so that there will be among them the group of the well-guided and the group of the misguided, the former destined to enter Paradise and the latter to be punished in Hell.

In addition, the following may be deduced from the same clause: Allaah created humans so that they would, because of diversity in abilities and dispositions, choose different professions, and this would make for stability in the world. It is through humans that Allaah carries out His ordinances. Men will employ other men to do work for them (See Ruh al-Ma'ani, Vol. IV, Chapter 12, P. 164, and Tafseer al-Qasimi, Vol. ix, P. 182). There is in the creation of humans the propensity for variation in learning, viewpoints and feelings; this in turn will lead to variation in wills and preferences; and faith, obedience and disobedience are part of that (Tafseer al-Manar, Vol. xii, P. 194).

May Allah (SWT) guide you to the right path (Ameen)

Peace

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Postby dhuusa_deer » Wed Aug 24, 2005 10:05 pm

HOLY SH!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!T Shocked Shocked Shocked Shocked Shocked

HOW MANY COPY AND PASTE ARTICLES Shocked Shocked Shocked

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Postby LionHeart-112 » Wed Aug 24, 2005 10:34 pm

^^u should know..u are the master of c&p


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