Disbelief and the Divine Decree
Allah said,
[وَلَقَدْ ذَرَأْنَا لÙÂجَهَنَّمَ]
(And surely, We have created for Hell) We made a share in the Fire for,
[كَثÙÂيرًا مّÙÂنَ الْجÙÂنّ٠وَالإÙÂنْسÙÂ]
(many of the Jinn and mankind) We prepared them for it by their performance of the deeds of its people. When Allah intended to create the creation, He knew what their work will be before they existed. He wrote all this in a Book, kept with Him, fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and earth. Muslim recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amr narrated that the Messenger of Allah said,
«إÙÂنَّ اللهَ قَدَّرَ مَقَادÙÂيرَ الْخَلْق٠قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلÙÂقَ السَّمَوَات٠وَالْأَرْضَ بÙÂخَمْسÙÂينَ أَلْÙÂَ سَنَة٠وَكَانَ عَرْشÙÂه٠عَلَى الْمَاء»
(Verily, Allah decided the destination and due measurement of the creation fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and earth, and His Throne was over the water.) There are many Hadiths on this subject, and certainly, the matter of Al-Qadar is of utmost importance, yet this is not where we should discuss it. Allah said,
[لَهÙÂمْ قÙÂلÙÂوبٌ لاَّ يَÙÂْقَهÙÂونَ بÙÂهَا وَلَهÙÂمْ أَعْيÙÂنٌ لاَّ يÙÂبْصÙÂرÙÂونَ بÙÂهَا وَلَهÙÂمْ ءَاذَانٌ لاَّ يَسْمَعÙÂونَ بÙÂهَآ]
(They have hearts wherewith they understand not, and they have eyes wherewith they see not, and they have ears wherewith they hear not.) meaning, they do not benefit from these senses that Allah made for them as a means of gaining guidance. Similarly, Allah said,
[وَجَعَلْنَا لَهÙÂمْ سَمْعاً وَأَبْصَـراً وَأَÙÂْئÙÂدَةً ÙÂَمَآ أَغْنَى عَنْهÙÂمْ سَمْعÙÂهÙÂمْ وَلاَ أَبْصَـرÙÂهÙÂمْ وَلاَ أَÙÂْئÙÂدَتÙÂهÙÂمْ مّÙÂن شَىْء٠إÙÂذْ كَانÙÂواْ يَجْØÂَدÙÂونَ بÙÂـَايَـت٠اللَّهÙÂ]
(And We had assigned them the (faculties of) hearing, seeing, and hearts; but their hearing, seeing, and their hearts availed them nothing since they used to deny the Ayat.) [46:26]. Allah also said about the hypocrites,
[صÙÂمٌّ بÙÂكْمٌ عÙÂمْىٌ ÙÂَهÙÂمْ لاَ يَرْجÙÂعÙÂونَ ]
((They are) deaf, dumb, and blind, so they return not (to the right path)) [2:18], and about the disbelievers,
[صÙÂمٌّ بÙÂكْمٌ عÙÂمْىٌ ÙÂَهÙÂمْ لاَ يَعْقÙÂلÙÂونَ]
((They are) deaf, dumb and blind. So they do not understand.) [2:171] However, they are not deaf, dumb or blind, except relation to the guidance. Allah said;
[وَلَوْ عَلÙÂمَ اللَّه٠ÙÂÙÂيهÙÂمْ خَيْرًا لأَسْمَعَهÙÂمْ وَلَوْ أَسْمَعَهÙÂمْ لَتَوَلَّواْ وَّهÙÂم مّÙÂعْرÙÂضÙÂونَ ]
(Had Allah known of any good in them, He would indeed have made them listen; and even if He had made them listen, they would but have turned away with aversion (to the truth).) [8:23],
[ÙÂَإÙÂنَّهَا لاَ تَعْمَى الاٌّبْصَـر٠وَلَـكÙÂن تَعْمَى الْقÙÂلÙÂوب٠الَّتÙÂى ÙÂÙÂى الصّÙÂدÙÂورÙÂ]
(Verily, it is not the eyes that grow blind, but it is the hearts which are in the breasts that grow blind.) [22:46], and,
[وَمَن يَعْش٠عَن Ø°ÙÂكْر٠الرَّØÂْمَـن٠نÙÂقَيّÙÂضْ لَه٠شَيْطَاناً ÙÂَهÙÂوَ لَه٠قَرÙÂينٌ - وَإÙÂنَّهÙÂمْ لَيَصÙÂدّÙÂونَهÙÂمْ عَن٠السَّبÙÂيل٠وَيَØÂْسَبÙÂونَ أَنَّهÙÂم مّÙÂهْتَدÙÂونَ ]
(And whosoever turns away blindly from the remembrance of the Most Gracious (Allah), We appoint for him Shaytan to be an intimate companion to him. And verily, they hinder them from the path, but they think that they are guided aright!)[43:36-37] Allah's statement,
[Ø£ÙÂوْلَـئÙÂكَ كَالأَنْعَـمÙÂ]
(They are like cattle), means, those who neither hear the truth, nor understand it, nor see the guidance, are just like grazing cattle that do not benefit from these senses, except for what sustains their life in this world. Allah said in a similar Ayah,
[وَمَثَل٠الَّذÙÂينَ كَÙÂَرÙÂواْ كَمَثَل٠الَّذÙÂى يَنْعÙÂق٠بÙÂمَا لاَ يَسْمَع٠إÙÂلاَّ دÙÂعَآءً وَنÙÂدَآءً]
(And the example of those who disbelieve is as that of one who shouts to those who hear nothing but calls and cries.) [2:171] meaning, their example, when they are called to the faith, is the example of cattle that hear only the voice of their shepherd, but cannot understand what he is saying. Allah further described them
[بَلْ هÙÂمْ أَضَلّÙÂ]
(nay even more astray), than cattle, because cattle still respond to the call of their shepherd, even though they do not understand what he is saying. As for the people described here, they are unlike cattle, which fulfill the purpose and service they were created for. The disbeliever was created to worship Allah alone in Tawhid, but he disbelieved in Allah and associated others in His worship. Therefore, those people who obey Allah are more honorable than some angels, while cattle are better than those who disbelieve in Him. So Allah said;
[Ø£ÙÂوْلَـئÙÂكَ كَالأَنْعَـم٠بَلْ هÙÂمْ أَضَلّ٠أÙÂوْلَـئÙÂكَ هÙÂم٠الْغَـÙÂÙÂلÙÂونَ]
(They are like cattle, nay even more astray; those! They are the heedless ones.)
[وَللَّه٠الأَسْمَآء٠الْØÂÙÂسْنَى ÙÂَادْعÙÂوه٠بÙÂهَا وَذَرÙÂواْ الَّذÙÂينَ يÙÂلْØÂÙÂدÙÂونَ ÙÂÙÂى أَسْمَـئÙÂه٠سَيÙÂجْزَوْنَ مَا كَانÙÂواْ يَعْمَلÙÂونَ ]
(180. And (all) the Most Beautiful Names belong to Allah, so call on Him by them, and leave the company of those who belie His Names. They will be requited for what they used to do.)
