Kenadid vs Italy the greatest battles

[Bicir100]

October 1897, during the period of temporary, direct governmental control, royal Commissioner Extraordinary Giorgio Sorrentino discovered that Yusuf Ali Keynadid intended to gain control of Harardera, sixty miles southwest of obbia, the Waesle tribesmen of the district had already placed themselves under Italian Protection, and Sorrentino was confronted with a choice between the Waesle and the Obbians. but in 1897 the Italian were weak, and Sorrentino came to the sad conclusion that "It would not be opportune to make an issue of it, and Italians could not effectively intervene in northren matters and they sucrificing the Waesle.

Given the defeat of the Daraawiish movement in the early 1920s and the rise of fascism in Europe, on 10 July 1925 Benito Mussolini gave the green light to De Vecchi to start the takeover of the north-eastern sultanates. Everything was to be changed and the treaties abrogated...By 1st October, De Vecchi's plan was to go into action. The operation to invade Hobyo started in October 1925. Columns of the new Zaptié began to move towards the sultanate. Nevertheless, soon suspicions were aroused as Trivulzio, the Hobyo commissioner, reported movement of armed men towards the borders of the sultanate before the takeover and after. Before the Italians could concentrate on the Majeerteen, they were diverted by new setbacks. On 9 November, the Italian fear was realised when a mutiny, led by one of the military chiefs of Sultan Ali Yusuf, Omar Samatar, recaptured El-Buur. Soon the rebellion expanded to the local population. The region went into revolt as El-Dheere also came under the control of Omar Samatar. The Italian forces tried to recapture El-Buur but they were repulsed. On 15 November the Italians retreated to Bud Bud and on the way they were ambushed and suffered heavy casualties.

While a third attempt was in the last stages of preparation, the operation commander, Lieutenant-Colonel Splendorelli, was ambushed between Bud Bud and Buula Barde. He and some of his staff were killed. As a consequence of the death of the commander of the operations and the effect of two failed operations intended to overcome the El-Buur mutiny, the spirit of Italian troops began to wane. The Governor took the situation seriously, and to prevent any more failure he requested two battalions from Eritrea to reinforce his troops, and assumed lead of the operations.

The fascist government was surprised by the setback in Hobyo. The whole policy of conquest was collapsing under its nose. The El-Buur episode drastically changed the strategy of Italy as it revived memories of the Adwa fiasco when Italy had been defeated by Abyssinia. Furthermore, in the Colonial Ministry in Rome, senior officials distrusted the Governor's ability to deal with the matter. Rome instructed De Vecchi that he was to receive the reinforcement from Eritrea, but that the commander of the two battalions was to temporarily assume the military command of the operations and De Vecchi was to stay in Muqdisho and confine himself to other colonial matters. In the case of any military development, the military commander was to report directly to the Chief of Staff in Rome.

While the situation remained perplexed, De Vecchi moved the deposed sultan to Muqdisho. Fascist Italy was poised to re-conquer the sultanate by whatever means.

on 23 October Boqor Osman sent an angry response to the Governor defying his order. Following this a full scale attack was ordered in November. Baargaal was bombarded and razed to the ground. This region was ethnically compact, and was out of range of direct action by the fascist government of Muqdisho. The attempt of the colonisers to suppress the region erupted into explosive confrontation. The Italians were meeting fierce resistance on many fronts. In December 1925, led by the charismatic leader Hersi Boqor, son of Boqor Osman, the sultanate forces drove the Italians out of Hurdia and Haafuun, two strategic coastal towns on the Indian Ocean. Another contingent attacked and destroyed an Italian communications centre at Cape Guardafui, on the tip of the Horn. In retaliation Bernica and other warships were called on to bombard all main coastal towns of the Majeerteen.

[Bicir100]

-Waa tii daraawiish aduun loogu dawgalaye.

8-Mudug waa dalaal oo raggii daaqi jirey waaye.

9-Dooxooyinkii laga abaad daranta weynaaye.

10-Inuu Ciise Maxamuud dam yiri duluglihii sheegye.

11-Dufan waxaan lahayn baa ka haray magaci Daaroode.

12-Anigu daalimaayee waxaan haddal ku duuduubay.

13-Dabarka Yuusuf Cali baa u daran duni dhamaanteede

Maxamuud guure
-Cabdiyow carowdaye hadaad callaha dheer fuusho.

2-Caafimaad qab nabadeed haddaad Cali Suldaan gaarto.

3-Calaykuma salaan bay ku tiri culimadiinii dheh.

4-Dabadeedna caad baxoo u sheeg caawa saan nahaye.

5-Daaroodkii galbeed calow galyoo cadowgi loo heer dheh

6-Anna ciidan doonkiis rag iyo ceelalyaan ahay dheh.

cali cilmi afyare
Hobyo nimanki tagay waayadii heeganku is dhaafay.

2-Harti nimada nimankii dhisay ee noogu gacan haadshay.

3-Hanaqaadki Cali Yuusuf bay hibadu saarnayde.

4-Sidii uu halyaygii uga lumay harag ma gooyaane.

cali dhuux aadan
Haawayda waxaan Geelayaga hawdka ula daajay.

2-Hartaan ahay halyaygii Calina waan isku hubaaye.

3-Isagaa hubkii noo hayiyo halowle maadhiine.

[Bicir100]

With the elimination of the north-eastern sultanates and the breaking of the Benaadir resistance, from this period henceforth, Italian Somaliland was to become a reality. The partition of Somaliland was already shaping during this period and the fate of the Somalis was at the mercy of the colonial powers.